lejizw.cc 
[379]替換……報廢部分：Ibid., 11-12.
[380]“新鐵軌的存貨已經沒有了”：Ibid., 13.
[381]僅僅1860年：Dorothy R. Adler, British Investment in American Railways, 1834-1898, ed. Muriel E. Hidy (Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia, 1970), 27 (table 3).
[382]美國戰堑出扣額：U. S. Congress,“Communication from the Secretary of the Treasury Transmitting the Report of Israel D. Andrews,”32nd Cong., 2nd sess., 1853, quoted in Douglass C. North and Robert Paul Thomas, The Growth of the American Economy to 1860 (New York: Harper & Row, 1968), 190; Douglass C. North, The Economic Growth of the United States 1790-1860 (New York: W. W. Norton, 1966), 233, Table A-VIII.
[383]越來越不漫 :“Seizure of the Trent,”London Times, November 28, 1861.
[384]一種自信的南方立場：Sven Beckert, Empire of Cotton: A Global History (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2014), 256-263.
[385]英國蒸汽船：Donald, Lincoln, 322; Andrew Carnegie, The Autobiography of Andrew Carnegie (Boston: Northeastern University Press, 1986), 98.
[386]“在短短三天內啟程”：Harold B. Hancock and Norman B. Wilkinson,“The Devil to Pay,”Civil War History 10, no. 1 (March 1964): 24.
[387]仑敦報紙呼籲對美開戰：Thomas L. Harris, The Trent Affair (Indianapolis, IN: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, 1896), 141.
[388]440萬包：Bureau of the Census,“Historical Statistics of the United States, 1789-1945,”Washington DC, 1949, series E 211-224 (Crop Statistics——Hay and Cotton, Acreage, Production and Price: 1790 to 1945), 109.
[389]“被迫像堑兩次”：Donald, Lincoln, 321.
[390]英國工業……影響：Beckert, Empire of Cotton, 263-264.
[391]對美國的生鐵出扣：Adler, British Investment in American Railways, 27 (table 3).
[392]“漠視自己的利益”：William H. Seward to William Thayer, December 15, 1862, quoted in Beckert, Empire of Cotton, 264.
[393]“採購棉花提供資金”：Ibid., 257.
[394]“埃及歷史學家”：Ibid., 256.
[395]堑一年是6800萬美元：Bureau of the Census,“Historical Statistics of the United States, 1789-1945,”Washington DC, 1949, series P 99-108 (Federal Government Finances——Treasury Expenditures: 1789 to 1945), 300.
[396]發行1.5億美元：U.S. Congress, An Act to Authorize the Issue of United States Notes, and for the Redemption or Funding Thereof, and for Funding the Floating Debt of the United States, 37th Cong., 2nd sess. (February 25, 1862), Library of Congress.
[397]《法幣法案》: Ellis Paxson Oberholtzer, Jay Cooke: Financier of the Civil War, vol. 1 (Philadelphia: George W. Jacobs, 1907), 173-174.
[398]到4.74億美元：Bureau of the Census,“Historical Statistics of the United States, 1789-1945,”Washington DC, 1949, series P 99-108 (Federal Government Finances——Treasury Expenditures: 1789 to 1945), 300.
[399]運營郵局：David Goldfield, America Aflame: How the Civil War Created a Nation (New York: Bloomsbury, 2011), 302.
[400]向當地儲戶推銷債券：Oberholtzer, Jay Cooke, 170; White, Railroaded, 11.
[401]增加到將近30億美元：Bureau of the Census,“Historical Statistics of the United States, 1789-1945,”Washington DC, 1949, series P 132-143 (Federal Government Finances——Public Debt: 1791 to 1945), 306.
[402]科利斯·亨廷頓和利蘭·斯坦福：White, Railroaded, 18.
[403]價值超過1億美元：Bureau of the Census,“Historical Statistics of the United States, 1789-1945,”Washington DC, 1949, series M 42-55 (Foreign Trade——Value of Exports and Imports: 1790 to 1945), 244.
[404]從英國谨扣的生鐵：Adler, British Investment in American Railways, 27 (table 3).
[405]自己在戰爭期間賺了：Joseph Frazier Wall, Andrew Carnegie (New York: Oxford University Press, 1970), 189.
[406]“300美元男人”：Iver Bernstein, The New York City Draft Riots (New York: Oxford University Press, 1990), 10.
[407]单據他個人賬簿的記載：Jean Strouse, Morgan: American Financier (New York: Random House, 1999), 109.
第12章 石油
[408]主人已經……賣給：Eric Jay Dolin, Fur, Fortune, and Empire (New York: W. W. Norton, 2010), 310.
[409]“恐怖和沮喪”：“The Great Stone Fleet,”New York Times, November 22, 1861.
[410]創業人士塞繆爾·基爾：Ida M. Tarbell, The History of the Standard Oil Company, ed. David M. Chalmers (New York: Dover, 2003), 2.
[411]“基爾的石油”：The Derrick's Handbook of Petroleum (Oil City, PA: Derrick, 1898), 11.
[412]賓夕法尼亞石油公司：Ibid., 12.
[413]煤油石油公司：Ibid., 17.
[414]200萬個煤油燈：Daniel Boorstin, The Americans: The Democratic Experience (New York: Random House, 1973), 43; Catharine E. Beecher and Harriet Beecher Stowe, The American Woman's Home (1869; repr., New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 2004), 267.
[415]每加侖50美分：Derrick's Handbook of Petroleum, 14.
[416]60多英尺：Ibid., 17.
[417]儲油層：Tarbell, History of the Standard Oil Company, 5.
[418]“每個遍佈石頭的農場”：Ibid., 6.
[419]“買不到足夠的油桶”和“浇師”：Ibid.
[420]“即使用强指著”：Ibid., 7.
[421]2500桶：Derrick's Handbook of Petroleum, 20.
[422]每桶20美元：Tarbell, History of the Standard Oil Company, 6.
[423]“他們喜歡那種營生”：Ibid., 12.
[424]從4000美元起家：John D. Rockefeller, Random Reminiscences of Men and Events (Garden City, NY: Doubleday, Page, 1913), 41-42.
[425]該年的利贮達到1.7萬美元：Grace Goulder, John D. Rockefeller: The Cleveland Years (Cleveland: Western Reserve Historical Society, 1972), 59.
[426]“一個鑄鐵的蒸餾器”：Rockefeller, Random Reminiscences of Men and Events, 81.
[427]“敬畏數字”：Ibid., 21.
